on Indoor Air Quality
Combined Notes for
American Lung Association of California
Bay Area Air Quality Management District
California Air Resources Board / IAQ & Personal Exposure Assessment Program
California Department of Education / School Facility and Planning Division
California Department of Public Health / Environmental Health Investigations Branch
California Department of Public Health / Indoor Air Quality Section
California Department of Public Health / Occupational Health Branch
California Department of Public Health / Radon Program
California Department of Public Health / Tobacco Control Program
California Department of Industrial Relations (Cal/OSHA)
California Integrated Waste Management Board / Sustainable Building Program
California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (Indoor Air Risk Assessment)
California Department of Toxics Substances Control (Hazardous Materials Laboratory)
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory / Indoor Environments Program
San Francisco Department of the Environment
Southern California Environmental Health Sciences/Children's Environmental Health Center
UC Environmental Health & Safety Program
U.S. EPA Region IX / Indoor Environment Team
U.S. Federal Interagency Committee on IAQ
Emerging IAQ Brown Bag Lunch/Roundtable.
A charter meeting was held August 29, at the CDPH Richmond Campus. Notes from the meeting are available ().
Jan D. Stensland or Toni Stein
Inside Matters CA Department of Public Health-IAQ Section
510.525.6447
CHPS Greentools for Healthy Schools
The first CHPS conference
was held in
o SB 7 (Oropeza) was signed into law by the Governor; it makes it an infraction for a person to smoke in any car with a child younger than the age of 18 in it, even if the car was parked or on private property (see CDPH-TCS).
o AB 1467 (DeSaulnier) passed the legislature, but vetoed by the Governor; it would have eliminate exemptions from the statewide smoke-free workplace law for specified bars, warehouse facilities, employee break rooms, hotel lobbies, and meeting and banquet rooms.
o
Three
bills
on
Sustainable (or Green) Building practices within
Search for bill information at
New Report Supports Improved
Standard Setting for Workplace Cancer and Reproductive Hazards.
Many California environmental regulations are based on scientific risk
assessments performed by the Cal/EPA Office of Environmental Health Hazard
Assessment (OEHHA), and CDPHs Occupational Health Branch (OHB) commissioned
OEHHA to assess the feasibility of using the same scientific methods to develop
recommendations for health-protective exposure limits in the workplace. The
project focused on evaluating chemicals known to cause cancer or reproductive
harm (i.e., chemicals on
In December, OEHHA released a new report, Occupational Health Hazard Risk Assessment Project for California. The report identifies many chemicals of concern that are either not currently regulated in the workplace or are regulated, but have Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) that allow a significant cancer risk over a working lifetime. This information is intended to assist OHB in more effectively recommending protective occupational standards as part of its legislative mandate. The major results of the project include:
Forty-four workplace chemicals that are listed by
Proposition 65 (Title 22, California Code of Regulations, Section 1, dated
December) as known to the state to cause cancer do not have a permissible
exposure limit (PEL) established in California. Five workplace chemicals
listed under Proposition 65 as known to cause reproductive and/or developmental
toxicity do not have a PEL established in
Sixty-two workplace chemicals listed under
Proposition 65 have PELs but are not regulated specifically as occupational
carcinogens in
About 60% of the workplace chemicals identified as of concern in this report are used as chemical or dye intermediates, typically used in closed systems with relatively limited potential for worker exposure. However, exposure can still occur with closed systems (e.g., from fugitive emissions and during repair and maintenance), and about half of these intermediates have other industrial uses that may pose a higher exposure concern. About 20% of the workplace chemicals of concern are used as solvents, which generally pose higher concern for worker exposure. About 40% of the workplace chemicals of concern have been identified as being skin absorbable and could pose cancer, reproductive and/or developmental risks via the dermal route in addition to the inhalation route of exposure.
About 60% of the workplace chemicals of concern
are high production volume chemicals (>1 million pounds produced in and/or
imported into the
Accessible on-line at:
(executive summary)
(full report)
Semi-volatile Organic Chemicals (SVOCs) in Indoor Environments
by Dr. Myrto Petreas, Chief, Environmental Chemistry Branch
California Department of Toxic Substances Control.
Slides available
()
AGENCY REPORTS ON CURRENT IAQ ACTIVITIES
-- Bonnie Holmes-Gen ()
Check their web site (above).
-- Saffet Tanrikulu,
Check their web site (above).
California Air Resources Board / Indoor Air Quality & Personal Exposure Assessment Program
Peggy Jenkins ()
Indoor Air Cleaner Regulation Approved Without Sell-Through Period. At the September Board meeting in Diamond Bar, the Air Resources Board (ARB) approved a regulation to limit the ozone emissions from indoor air cleaning devices to a 0.05 ppm emission concentration. The Board considered staffs presentation, numerous public comments, and oral testimony from approximately 40 individuals. Ultimately, because of their deep concern that intentional ozone generators would continue to be sold during both the proposed certification and sell-through periods, and their concern over the appalling claims made by ozone generator manufacturers about the supposed health benefits of ozone, the Board unanimously approved the proposed regulation but eliminated the proposed 9-month sell-through period. Board approval of the regulation comes more than a year ahead of the December 31, deadline for adoption of such a regulation established by Assembly Bill 2276. The ARB Staff Technical Report, Evaluation of Ozone Emissions From Portable Indoor Air Cleaners That Intentionally Generate Ozone, May 5, is available online at
New Home Ventilation and Indoor Air
Study. The contractor,
Indoor Environmental Engineering (IEE), is preparing a draft report of the
results of the study of ventilation and indoor air quality in 108 new
Review of
Presentation at Legislative
Informational Hearing on Carbon Monoxide Poisoning. On November 27, Peggy Jenkins
presented information on the health effects of carbon monoxide (CO) and sources
of CO poisoning at a joint informational hearing of the Senate Transportation
and Housing Committee (Chair: Lowenthal) and the Assembly Housing and Community
Development Committee (Chair: Saldana). The hearing was convened to provide
information on the dangers and prevalence of CO poisoning in
CEC PEIR Contractors Meeting. On November 8, ARBs contractors on indoor air quality projects funded by CECs PIER program gave presentations via Webex on the status and results of their projects.
Bud Offermann of Indoor Environmental Engineering
showed that formaldehyde levels were elevated and air exchange rates too low in
many new
Randy Maddelena from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory presented early results from an office equipment emissions study, and Ash Lashgari of Research Division presented the goals and objectives of the small and medium commercial buildings survey and field study that he is managing; those studies are just getting underway.
Tom Phillips, ,
Ash Lashgari,
Cleaning Products Outreach Program. ARB has launched an outreach program to spread the word about the possible health impacts that may result from frequent use of cleaning products that contain terpenes, in the presence of ozone. Terpenes are compounds such as pinene and limonene that give products their pine and citrus scent, respectively. When ozone is present, reactions occur that produce formaldehyde and ultrafine particles. Formaldehyde is a known human carcinogen and respiratory irritant, and ultrafine particles are believed to impact the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Letters and copies of ARBs fact sheet entitled Cleaning Products and Indoor Air Quality: Actions You Can Take to Reduce Exposures , along with a suggested newsletter article, were sent to about 200 organizations including professional janitorial and cleaning associations, various housekeeping and janitorial companies, building management organizations, environmental and health groups, and others. Staff will follow up with calls in December and January to answer questions and encourage these organizations to share the information with their members, clients, and associates.
Indoor Surface Chemistry: A New
Frontier. ARB co-funded and
staff participated in a two-day Workshop on Interfacial (Surface) Chemistry in
Indoor Environments in
Other Conferences & Presentations.
International Society of Exposure Analysis (ISEA) Annual Conference. At the annual meeting of the ISEA in Raleigh, NC, October 14-18, , Peggy Jenkins presented results of ARBs tests of ozone emissions from indoor air cleaning devices that intentionally emit ozone (ozone generators), and Dane Westerdahl presented results of a vehicle cabin particle filtration study. ARBs ozone generator tests showed very high ozone emissions: room concentrations typically reached 1-5 times the state ambient air quality standard levels within 30-120 minutes. Peggys presentation is available at .
Results on the effectiveness of in-cabin particle filtration as a means to reduce ultrafine particle exposures showed that the modern, high-efficiency filters included in some new cars may reduce ultrafine PM counts by 80-90%; however, the carbon dioxide levels originating from the exhaled breath of occupants were shown to reach very high levels at least 5000 ppm, the Cal-OSHA 8-hour Personal Exposure Limit for workplace exposures.
Graduate Course in Communications and
Careers in Environmental Fields.
Peggy participated by conference call as a guest speaker for a course
in technical communications and careers in environmental fields for the
Talk to Long Beach Pulmonary Group. Jim Behrmann presented an overview
of indoor air quality problems and their related health impacts to the August 23
meeting of Inspirations, a pulmonary rehabilitation support group sponsored by
the
Workshop for State Indoor Air Quality Program Managers. At a national workshop for indoor air quality program officials held in Washington, DC, October 12-13, Peggy gave a presentation on ARBs new composite wood and indoor air cleaner regulations and led a session on emerging issues in indoor air quality (IAQ). The workshop was the seventh such workshop sponsored by U.S. EPAs Indoor Environments Division and organized by the Environmental Law Institute since.
As in the past, the workshop served as a forum for health and environmental officials from federal, state and local governments to discuss current IAQ issues and share strategies for developing effective programs in this area. Primary areas addressed by IAQ programs continue to be mold/moisture problems, IAQ in schools, and, increasingly, public inquiries relating to residential rental properties.
The
years and saw the development of new state policy approaches,
including ARBs two new regulations governing formaldehyde emissions from
composite wood products and ozone emissions from air cleaning devices, and
State programs of
interest included a demonstration project by Minnesotas Asthma Program
involving 64 families that included home visits and intervention materials,
which showed statistically significant declines in unscheduled medical office
visits, use of oral prednisone, and number of school days missed; costs averages
$468 per family, but were estimated to save $1960 per child in medical and
related costs. Similar results were
found in a study conducted by the Seattle-King County Health Department in the
state of
Participants also discussed a number of emerging issues that may seriously impact the indoor environment, including:
o Global climate (energy efficiency fall-out)
o Nanotechnology (changes in products)
o Green chemistry (reaction products)
o Multi-family dwellings, rentals, condos (ETS, mold, etc.)
o FEMA trailers and formaldehyde (re-use and re-sale)
o Mercury (thermometers, light bulbs)
o Rubber pellet surfaces/tire-derived flooring (indoor emissions)
o Carbon monoxide from indoor appliances (need for policies, education) and CO alarms (need alarms for more products; labeling re: longevity of sensors)
o Green buildings (need for adequate maintenance and operation)
o Asbestos in vermiculite insulation (adequacy of best practices)
o Antimicrobials in materials and furnishings
o Indoor chlorine (and ozone) from water purification in spas, indoor pools, etc.
o Safe return criteria for residences after nearby fire or toxic chemical (methamphetamine) releases
o Semi-volatiles (phthalates, PBDEs, etc.)
o Mechanical ventilation in new homes (need for appropriate maintenance & instruction)
Michael ONeil ()
Check their web site (above).
Sandra McNeel ()
The Burden of Asthma in
Key Findings in The Burden of
Asthma in
Blacks have the most striking disparities in asthma. They are two to three times more likely than whites to visit the emergency department for asthma, to be hospitalized for asthma, and to die from asthma.
The rate of asthma hospitalizations is three times higher in areas where the median income is less then $20,000 compared to where it is greater than $50,000.
Charges for asthma hospitalizations in alone totaled $763 million.
In, there were about 450 deaths due to asthma.
To view the report, use this link- (or visit the CB website).
Strategic Plan for Asthma in
SF Department of the Environment: Funded to do assessment of toxic chemicals found in drugstores near housing development; working with CBO on train-the trainer program targeting residents in a public housing development in Bay View Hunters Point; education will focus on toxic-free home cleaning methods.
EarthTeam: Funded to implement Somethings in the Air curriculum in 15 schools; curriculum educates students on connection between air quality and health; students also assess their schools indoor air quality and post findings on website.
Asthma and Housing. CB has initiated a new housing component to its program. The buildings and circumstances in which people with asthma live can present serious health challenges. This is especially true in multi-unit rental housing, with the most dramatic consequences frequently occurring in low income areas with a larger amount of substandard housing. While residents may have some control over the level of exposure to certain asthma triggers in their home (i.e: dust mites and pet dander), other issues can be more systemic, expensive to repair and outside the scope of the individual residents responsibility (i.e.: building-wide pest infestation, moisture intrusion, mold, poor heating and ventilation). CBs first priority for housing is to implement a Strategic Implementation Grant (SIG) focused on housing and asthma. CB is requesting proposals aimed at reducing the impact of home-based asthma triggers in multi-unit rental housing. The program is especially focused on approaches that build or reinforce effective alliances among a variety of local stakeholders. These stakeholder groups include representation from the health care, housing rights, property management and code enforcement arenas. In this first round of funding California Breathing will be awarding four grants of up to $10,000 each. CB plans to increase the number and amount of awards for future grant cycles. Technical assistance, training, and statewide strategy sessions will also be part of the grant package for this program.
When
fully implemented, the Program will collect and analyze human biological
specimens, such as blood and urine, from a sample of
Determine baseline
levels of environmental chemicals in Californians blood and other biological
samples; that is, levels representative of
Establish trends in the levels of these chemicals in people over time; and
Assess the effectiveness of public health efforts and regulatory programs to reduce Californians exposures to specific chemicals.
The Program is a collaborative effort of three State government departments:
California Department Public Health (the lead department for the program),
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, and
Department of Toxic Substances Control.
In addition to the website, a listserv have been established to disseminate current information about the program; sign up at under the More Resources section.
Toni Stein ( https://www.cal-iaq.org/
Collaborative for
High Performance Schools (CHPS).
The update of the CHPS Volume III Best Practices Manual is
underway. The release of a public
comment draft of a Update is expected in February. The CHPS Indoor Environmental Quality
(IEQ) sub-committee formed working groups to develop updated criteria on
priority topic areas. The priority
topic areas were developed following a CHPS Technical Committee face-to-face
meeting held in
Updating HVAC pre-requisites and credits
- Reorganizing HVAC prerequisites into a single pre-requisite, and adding more detailed provisions for verification of pre-requisites including requirement to fill out a workbook showing minimum ventilation calculations;
- Including ASHRAE 90.1 provisions for HVAC systems with recirculation-economizers to ensure no recirculation when CO2 levels are high in classrooms. Adding in an option for schools that gain LEM credits to opt out of the flush out by instead providing school IAQ test data to verify that classroom air has low concentrations of toxic chemicals.
- Modifying HVAC filter pre-requisites and credits to make more stringent.
- Updating the displacement ventilation credit (DV) to clarify issues related to under floor (UF) ventilation.
- Proposing a new IEQ credit for 100% dedicated outside air system (DOAS)
Updating the low emitting materials credits
- Harmonizing where possible with USGBC.
- Ensuring furnishings (cabinets, and other wood containing products) comply with CARBs new comp-wood regulations.
- Adding provisions to address short-term toxic exposures to paints and adhesives.
- Adding provisions for asthma, lung irritation and carcinogens, including provisions from the proposed ASTM standard submitted by Hal Levin.
Updating source control provisions for walk-off mats.
- Adding specified dimensions of mats required to achieve credit.
Green Seal Standard on Industrial
Cleaners (GS-37). CDPH
staff have participated in a number of key GS-37 stakeholder workgroup telephone
sessions in July, August, and November to discuss various revises to the current
standard, including Inhalation Toxicity criteria. Written comments were submitted to the
committee facilitator Jack Geibig and uploaded to the GS-37 web development site
on: Sept 14th . The Standard Development Team met with
the Stakeholder Committee on Sept. 20th to discuss progress on
criteria. On October
16th after receiving comments that the processes was not inclusive
and open GS opened up the forums and added voting stakeholders. They particularly called for new
participants to join the process and assist in several key areas of the standard
including: Skin Absorption;
Inhalation Toxicity, Asthmagens and Respiratory Irritants, Fragrances,
Concentrates, Neurotoxicity, and Product Performance. October 16th Green Seal
solicited opened the stakeholder groups up to add new participants to the voting
roll and the workgroups.
Workgroups met through November and a new proposed revised standard was
compiled by the UTK that were contracted by GS to lead and facilitate the
process. On November
14th Green Seal announced that it was taking over active management
and communications functions of the GS-37 project from the
Updating Inhalation Toxicity Criteria. CDPH has proposed that GS-37 be updated to add inhalation toxicity criteria to ensure that occupant indoor air concentration exposures do not exceed established health based threshold levels. Note that CDPH has encouraged GS-37 to add criteria provisions to prohibit all chemicals listed on the AOEC asthmagen list (ie. designated with an A) that cause asthma onset from undiluted AND diluted formulations. The AOEC asthmagen list does not have any threshold concentrations associated with it regarding asthma onset. Since the AOEC has not distinguished any concentrations for which chemicals listed as asthmagens are not considered asthmagens; CDPH does not support any GS-37 provisions that would exclude concentrations resulting from different dilutions from its criteria since they would be subjective and not science based limits put into policy possibly manipulating the intent of the AOEC list. Aside from supporting these asthma onset related criteria CDPH has actively encouraged criteria provisions to be added to GS-37 to safeguard occupants from exposures that may have significant acute and chronic impact risks.
Emission testing provisions to safeguard against acute and chronic impacts. CDPH has participated in committee meetings to discuss emission testing options feasible and appropriate for this industry and product sector. CDPH has worked with other standards developers to develop similar IAQ criteria for the Carpet and Rug Institute (CRI), the Resilient Flooring (RFCI), the Business and institutional Furniture Association (BIFMA) to successfully define feasible and appropriate emission testing protocols for other certification standards in place today. CDPHs CA 01350 Standard Practice already includes testing protocols for wet products and has served as the basis for CDPHs recommendations for GS-37. Specifically CDPH has recommended that GS-37 institute chamber testing and chemical analysis be consistent with CAs 01350 Standard Practice including the recommendation that GS-37 require test laboratories use the ASTM D5116 [Standard Guide for Small-Scale Environmental Chamber Determinations of Organic Emissions from Indoor Materials/Products] for chamber testing and the ASTM D6196 [Standard Practice for Selection of Sorbents, Sampling, and Thermal Desorption Analysis Procedures for Volatile Organic Compounds in Air], ASTM D 5197-03 [Standard Test Method for Determination of Formaldehyde and Other Carbonyl Compounds in Air (Active Sampler Method)] for chemical analysis so that exposures to these products may be uniformly estimated. CDPH has recommended ASTM test methods to eliminate lab to lab variation and ensure uniform exposure estimates. CDPH has actively been providing technical assistance based on CA 01350 specific to cleaners including recommended guidance on sample preparations, room exposure model defaults; and recommended chamber testing durations for representative exposure modeling.
Application of credible health-based thresholds. CDPH has actively promoted and recommended that GS-37 include provisions to ensure that a cleaning products concentration levels of chemicals of concern do not exceed health based threshold levels. CDPH has recommended that GS-37 require provisions to prohibit room concentrations from cleaning products to exceed the following health based threshold limits: California EPAs Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) Acute Reference Exposure Levels (aRELS), Cal/EPA OEHHA non-cancer chronic Reference Exposure Levels (cRELs), the Agency for Toxic Substance Disease Registry (ATSDR) Minimum Risk Levels (MRLs), CA PROP 65 NSRL carcinogens and MADLS-repro-toxins, and EPA RfC. To address the lung irritancy endpoint (ie. asthma triggers) CDPH has recommended and been a proponent of including provisions to ensure that cleaners are tested to determine their RD 50 limits according to ASTM E981 laboratory procedures and ensure that there is criteria to ensure that occupants will not be exposed to concentrations corrected for CA 01350 room occupant exposure scenarios.
Updating Skin sensitization testing requirements CDPH has also been active in recommending that GS-37 update its skin sensitization testing requirements since the testing requirements currently called out are outdated and have been updated by both OECD and US EPA. CDPH has formally recommended that GS-37 abandon its current requirement for cleaners to be tested using the outdated OECD Guidelines for Testing Chemicals: Section 406. Skin Sensitization , and instead require Guideline 429. Skin Sensitization: Local Lymph Node Assay . Both EPA and OECD recommend the local lymph node assay (LLNA) as the preferred method for assessing skin sensitization. It provides a quantitative assessment of dose-response, and it reduces animal welfare concerns as it reduces animal distress and can reduce the number of animals required to provide good quantitative data.
State Procurement Specification for Office Furniture. Refer to previous CIWG-IAQ reports for past chapters in this saga.
The multi-agency Work Team, comprised of representatives from DGS RESD, CEC, CIWMB, GAT EPP and CDPH IAQ, continues to meet weekly, tasked issuing a new Request for Proposals (RFP) and defining a new bidders process.
DGS has opted to proceed with an RFP process instead of an IFB process. The RFP process was opted particularly to help address the problem encountered in the past Bid, when bid packages were found to be incomplete and had missing information to allow a bid award. The new RFP process is designed with a two-step process whereby DGS will first request bidders to submit information on their offering $$ offerings such that DGS can review the information for completeness and to ensure that bidders provide documentation needed to show they meet all mandatory specifications. Then after the bid information package has been found to be complete a second step of the RFP process will begin where bidders make their $$ offerings for DGS to evaluate and award. DGS has required each member of the RFP team to assess their particular specifications (lighting energy efficiency, waste and recyclability, and IAQ) and develop critical questions for bidders to answer that will ensure that they understand the specification and are providing documentation to verify that they meet it. DGS has asked each Team member to create bidder worksheets for bidders to fill out to ensure uniform bid evaluation.
The team has
explored the format used by the State of
Business and Institutional Furniture Manufacturers Association (BIFMA) Sustainability Assessment Standard (SAS). BIFMA SAS addresses three aspects of sustainability (environmental, economic and social) and includes criteria for evaluating human & ecosystem health, energy, natural resource and corporate social responsibility impacts. CDPH has been serving as a regulatory category stakeholder member and participated in and co-led the emission sub-group of the human and ecosystem health committee for the past two years. In October a guidance document was drafted from input from each committee to provide additional helpful information and assistance regarding methods to comply with each credit in the standard. Additionally each committee worked on normalizing and allocating points across the three areas for the overall scorecard. Scorecard trials were completed by BIFMA volunteers to trial the system. NSF, the facilitator of the BIFMA SAS process has implemented a new web-based platform for distributing ballots and related material to its Standards and Policy Development Committees. On November 12th NSF released the draft standard for BIFMA member and Workgroup comments and balloting due to close on February 8th. BIFMA is working with USGBC to determine eligibility for LEED innovation credits for products assessed to this sustainability standard. Additional information can be found at:
Composite Wood. Work has begun on the CARB/CDPH Inter-Agency Agreement to support CARBs Composite Wood regulation. CDPH has begun work to provide CARB support for formaldehyde emission measurements. Activities have begun using the small chamber with intended goal of comparing and correlating these results to measurements made using the large chamber. Additionally CDPH is working to investigate testing using a FLEC mini test chamber that may be used to screen wood compliance in field enforcement activities. CDPH is also working with CARB to evaluate operating procedures, feasibility and reliability for a portable formaldehyde monitor. CARB staff have loaned CDPH their Flec tester and two of their portable Interscan formaldehyde monitors.
CDPH has written a chain of custody document defining the composite wood cutting and wood preparation protocol for CARB. These sample preparation and chain of custody documents are for use in transferring composite wood pieces by CARB for CDPH to emission testing. CDPH set-up of small and large chambers is ongoing to comply with the specific ASTM 1333 and ASTM 6007 formaldehyde testing requirements. In particular CDPH is making modifications to meet the low flow, tight temperature and relative humidity requirements. Repairs and upgrades have been underway in repairing the large chamber humidifier and temperature control system with the Facility Management Systems Group. Additionally modifications are being made to reverse damper controls, and to install supplemental in-chamber fans to ensure increased mixing for the low flow conditions. CDPH has begun developing a maintenance manual with FMS for quality assurance.
Facility Inspection Tool (FIT)
Guidebook. CDPH has been
participating on the CASH lead project to create and write a guidebook to
provide technical clarification to the State of California Office of Public
School Constructions (OPSC) Facility Inspection Tool (FIT). The work team is a continuation of the
workgroup that OPSC appointed to assist them in developing the FIT. CDPH contributed and is a primary author
to the HVAC section. Deborah Moore
of the
Oakland High School (OHS) was identified as a good candidate school, since it has received a large number of student and advocacy complaints for IAQ and other related deficiencies. On October 19th, the Workgroup conducted a walkthrough at OHS, using the OPSC Facility Inspection Tool (FIT) and the Tools for Schools assessment checklist to assess the facility. The FIT evaluation resulted in a Fair rating finding several extreme deficiencies including the HVAC system in several classrooms. CO2 readings were taken in two classrooms and found to be above 900 ppm, indicating possible inadequate ventilation. Follow-up with more comprehensive assessments in additional classrooms was planned as a next step to support a grant application for repairs to the HVAC system. CDPH is working with OUSD Maintenance and Operations Director in the HVAC evaluation and to define interim measures.
Workgroup is
also working with OUSD on other repairs aside from the HVAC to define EPP
products. A tour of
state-of-the-art energy efficient evaporative pre-cooling HVAC systems installed
California Department of Public Health / Occupational Health Branch
-- Liz Katz ()
New HESIS Chief Dr. Dennis Shusterman. OHB is pleased to announce that on November 1, Dr. Dennis Shusterman became the new Chief of OHBs Hazard Evaluation System and Information Service (HESIS). Dr. Shusterman has 22 years of experience practicing occupational and environmental medicine in both public health and academic settings. HESIS prevents worker illness and injury by evaluating new or unappreciated hazards; providing information and technical assistance to employers, workers, and others; and recommending new or revised workplace standards.
Indoor Heat Regulation for Workers. Cal/OSHA has decided to discontinue developing a regulation specifically for indoor heat illness prevention. Employers will be required to address hazardous indoor heat exposure using their Injury and Illness Prevention Program. However, there is a regulation for outdoor heat illness.
New
Publications on Flavorings-Related Lung Disease in Workers. OHB has posted the information
web page:
It describes OHBs work on
diacetyl, a chemical used in food flavorings, which has been linked to
bronchiolitis obliterans, a serious lung disease found among
Energy Code / Title 24. HESIS continues to work with Cal/OSHA, CARB and others to ensure that indoor air quality is not compromised by new building energy conservation standards. One issue is a proposed requirement for carbon dioxide demand-control ventilation.
Lead body burden: lowering the adult blood lead criteria. The Occupational Lead Poisoning Prevention Program collaborated with medical experts to publish health-based . Evidence is presented for important health impacts of lead at low dose levels. The paper entitled, Recommendations for Medical Management of Adult Lead Exposure by Michael J. Kosnett et al. is available on-line:
OHB Environmental Initiative. OHB is increasing its activities that promote safer chemicals policies, including eliminating or reducing the use of toxic chemicals that are harmful to workers, the general public, and the environment. Some current topic areas are reducing toxic pesticide use and identifying safer cleaning practices. These efforts may also include new or improved chemical regulation policies, ensuring that green chemistry approaches do not adversely affect workers, and partnering with environmental agencies and organizations that share similar concerns.
California Department of Public Health / Radon Program
-- George Faggella ()
Check their web site (above).
California Department of Public Health / Tobacco Control Section
-- Christine Richter ()
Links to local Tobacco Control Programs. Here is the link to the project directors of the local health departments (local lead agency) tobacco control programs:
Secondhand Smoke in Cars. TCS has begun to implement an educational campaign on SB 7 (Oropeza), the smoke-free cars with minors law which goes into effect on January 1, (Health & Safety Code 118947). Education materials currently being developed are: a general audience fact sheet; frequently asked questions for use by TCS-funded agencies to use when addressing the public; letter to the editor & press release templates for TCS-funded agencies to adapt and distribute in their local communities; a fact card for distribution to the public; and posters.
Second Hand Smoke (SHS) Media. The TCS Media Unit was awarded the ADDIE from the Advertising Federation for their TV advertisement Caution Tape which visually shows who can be affected by SHS in an apartment building.
The TCS Media
Unit is currently preparing for the 10-year anniversary of smoke-free bars and
the implementation of the smoke-free cars with minors law with a press
conference on January 3, in
Multi-Unit Housing
Workgroup. The workgroup
continues to meet monthly to assist in the development and implementation of
strategies to increase the number of voluntary and legislative policies related
to smoke-free multi-unit housing in
Of the 26 Prop-99 funded Local Lead Agencies and 60 Prop-99 funded Competitive Grantees, 33 will be working on the adoption and/or implementation of voluntary and/or legislative policies that address smoke-free MUH including units and/or outdoor/indoor common areas over the next few years.
Secondhand Smoke Workgroup. The workgroup, which has been on hiatus for the last year, began meeting again in November of. The workgroup will continue to meet every-other month to assist in the development and implementation of strategies to increase the number of voluntary and legislative policies related to smoke-free outdoor locations, including closing the gaps in LC 6404.5. The secondhand smoke and multi-unit housing workgroups have each formed sub-committees to begin planning a statewide MUH/SHS Conference to occur in December of.
Secondhand Smoke Research. TCS has formally partnered with UCLA to begin researching the economic impact of smoke-free MUH and smoke-free tribal casinos.
Tribal Casinos/Workplaces. TCS established a communities of Excellence Needs Assessment requirement for the Local Lead Agency plans in which local health departments with an Indian Casino in their jurisdiction assessed an indicator to determine the proportion of businesses with a voluntary policy that designated American Indian Casino/Leisure Complexes as smoke-free to a level consistent with protection provided other Calif. workers under the Calif. LC Section 6404.5, the Calif. Smoke-Free Workplace Law.
Based on this assessment 3 Local Lead Agencies have chosen to begin working with the tribal governments within their jurisdiction to establish voluntary smoke-free workplace policies over the next 3 years.
California Department of Industrial Relations (Cal/OSHA)
--Bob Nakamura ()
Heat Illness prevention in indoor workplaces. The Division adopted General Industry Safety Order Section 3395 to address heat illness in outdoor places of employment on July 27,. Currently, the Division is considering the issue of heat illness in indoor work settings. As a followup to the advisory meetings and adoption of the heat illness, the Division has held a meeting to consider the issue of heat illness in indoor work settings. The first meeting was held on October 26, and the last meeting was on March 29,.
Permissible Exposure Limit revision process. The Division has convened several advisory meetings to discuss the Divisions process for reviewing existing PELs and the factors for determining if a PEL will be revised. The most recent meeting was held on December 13, to discuss the procedures for adopting revisions. The next meeting has been scheduled for Tuesday, June 19, 10 a.m. Elihu Harris State Building 1515 Clay Street, Room 1304 Oakland.
Aerosol transmissible diseases. The Division has convened 12 advisory meetings to develop a standard to address occupational exposures to diseases that are transmitted as aerosols, with the last meetings conducted in May. The draft standard is being prepared for public notice later this year by the Occupational Safety and Health Standards Board.
Indoor Air Quality review. The Division is in reviewing proposals for the next revision of the California Building Energy Efficiency Standards (Energy Code). Refer to Division personnel have identified several concerns about the proposals in the Workshops that have been conveyed to the California Energy Commission, and are currently under discussion with CEC.
Detailed information about these and other current DOSH regulatory activities can be found on the Divisions website at:
-- Obed Odoemelam ()
PIER Program Research Write-up. The Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) program provides substantial funding on a wide range of energy-related topics. Among these are Indoor Air Quality and Building Engineering. Below are the projects under Indoor Air Quality, plus the topic areas listed under Customer Energy Use/Commercial and Residential. Research write-ups for CEC projects can be found on-line at
Environmental Effects of Energy Activities
Air Quality
Indoor Air Quality
Develop R&D Plan for PIER Buildings Team for Indoor Air Quality
Development of Portable Ambient and Indoor Air Monitors
Energy-Related Indoor Environmental Quality Research: Analyses of Building Characteristics and Indoor Environmental Quality in California Classrooms
Energy-Related Indoor Environmental Quality Research: New Homes Field Study and Survey
Energy-Related Indoor Environmental Quality Research: Office Equipment
Energy-Related Indoor Environmental Quality Research: Small and Medium Commercial Buildings Field Study and Survey
Envelope and IAQ Interactions
Improved Prediction of Indoor Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution in Apartment and Commercial Buildings
Plant Multimedia Toxics Characterization - Target 107
Simplified Models for Particulate Dispersion in Buildings
-- Kathy Frevert ()
See Special Presentation.
Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment / Indoor Air Risk Assessment Group
-- Richard Lam ()
-- Janice Kim ()
Reference Exposure Levels for acetaldehyde, acrolein, arsenic, formaldehyde, manganese, and mercury. OEHHA is releasing a draft document, Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Technical Support Document For the Derivation of Noncancer Reference Exposure Levels to solicit public comment. OEHHA previously developed Technical Support Documents (TSDs), which described acute and chronic Reference Exposure Levels (RELs) in . This revised draft TSD is designed to replace those original TSDs, and presents methodology revised to reflect scientific knowledge and techniques developed since the previous guidelines were prepared, and in particular to explicitly include consideration of possible differential effects on the health of infants, children and other sensitive subpopulations, in accordance with the mandate of the Childrens Environmental Health Protection Act (Senate Bill 25, Escutia, chapter 731, statutes of, Health and Safety Code Sections 39669.5 et seq.). In addition to the previously defined acute and chronic RELs, the new method allows for the estimation of 8-hour RELs, which may be useful in dealing with some special circumstances in Hot Spots risk assessments. The revised draft also contains proposed Reference Exposure Levels for six chemicals: acetaldehyde, acrolein, arsenic, formaldehyde, manganese, and mercury. The draft document will commence a 60-day public review period that will end on January 2,.
OEHHA Acute(A), 8-Hour(8), and Chronic(C) Reference Exposure Levels (RELs)
Substance |
|
Inhalation REL (μg/m3) |
Hazard Index Target Organs |
Acetaldehyde (75-07-0) |
A 8 C |
750 568 43 |
Sensory irritation; eyes Respiratory system Respiratory system |
Acrolein (107-02-8) |
A 8 C |
2.3 1.6 0.1 |
Sensory irritation; eyes Respiratory system Respiratory system |
Formaldehyde (50-00-0) |
A 8 C |
55 9 9 |
Sensory irritation; eyes Respiratory system Respiratory system |
Manganese & compounds |
A 8 C |
-- 0.05 0.03 |
Nervous system Nervous system |
Mercury (inorganic) (7439-37-6) |
A 8 C |
0.6 0.06 0.03 |
Nervous system, developmental Nervous system Nervous system |
Health Criteria for School Site Risk Assessment for Chlorpyrifos. Health and Safety Code Section 901(g) requires OEHHA to evaluate and publish, as appropriate, numerical health guidance values for those chemicals that could be encountered at school sites and may adversely impact the health of school children. The latest report is on chlorpyrifos, a widely used organophosphate insecticide. In June, US EPA announced a ban for most home, lawn and garden use products containing chlorpyrifos. Chlorpyrifos is still widely used in agriculture, and is a common chemical found indoors. l
Green Chemistry at OEHHA.
Green
Chemistry: Practical Decision-Making Tools for Identifying Safer
Alternatives
[08/30/07]
Green Chemistry:
Workshop Materials and Speaker Presentations from the OEHHA-COEH Workshop Held
on October 1st and 2nd
[10/23/07]
Unit Risk Value For Ethylbenzene. The Air Toxics Hot Spots Information and Assessment Act of (Health and Safety Code Section 44300 et seq.), requires OEHHA to develop guidelines for conducting health risk assessments under the program. These guidelines include recommended methodology for conducting chemical- and site-specific risk assessments, and health protective values (Reference Exposure Levels for non-cancer health effects and Unit Risk values for carcinogenic effects). Ethylbenzene (CAS Registry Number: 100-41-4) is a natural constituent of crude petroleum and is found in gasoline and diesel fuels. It is also used as a chemical intermediate, primarily in the production of styrene. It is found in some consumer products which could be used indoors. Following this process, OEHHA is adopting a unit risk value for ethylbenzene of 2.5 x10-6 (g/m3)-1 and an inhalation cancer potency value of 0.0087 (mg/kg‑d)-1. These values are based on the incidence of kidney cancer (renal tubule adenoma or carcinoma) in male rats.
LaserJet Printer Emissions. The SF DOE issued a technical briefing on LaserJet Printer Emissions: Do They Pose a Health Risk? Analysis of the Controversy and Interim Guidelines for Controlling LaserJet Printer Emissions in City Workplaces, authored by Ralph Ray. It can be downloaded at
Southern California
Environmental Health Sciences and Children's Environmental
-- Andrea Hricko ()
Check their web sites (below):
-- Debbie Decker ()
Check their web site (above).
-- Barbara Spark ()
-- Shelly Rosenblum
-- Louise Hill ()
IAQ Tools for
Schools Activities. The EPA
Region 9 Indoor Environments Team has been working with a variety of new and
continuing partners on often multi-partner activities to advance implementation
of IAQ management plans in
Schools/CAFA and/or CTA
project. Shelly Rosenblum
provided "Tools for Schools" (IAQ TfS) trainings for members of the
Training for Tribes. The EPA sponsored American Lung
Association's Tribal Hands-On Indoor Air Training is being held at the Hopland
Tribe in
Presentation to state legislators. Barbara Spark provided a detailed talk on IAQ Tools for Schools and EPA's Healthy SEAT program - and the reasons why school districts do or don't adopt these programs - at the Council of State Government (CSG) health policy forum, "Asthma and Respiratory Health: Policy Approaches to Create Asthma-Friendly Environments, May 3-5, in San Diego. The very engaged audience included seventeen state senators and representatives from fifteen states and territories. They asked a lot of questions about mold.
New publication on achieving improved
school IAQ.
Envisioning Excellence: Lessons from
Other TfS training. Among other such events, Shelly Rosenblum provided TfS workshops for the California Breathing project to help develop the Mendocino County Asthma Coalition; and well as the CAFA/S.F. Asthma Coalition TfS project at San Francisco USD.
IAQ Tools for
Schools (IAQ TfS) National Symposium. Shelly Rosenblum and Barbara Spark
attended the 7th Annual TfS Symposium in
National
Education Association (NEA) Pre-TfS Symposium training. Barbara Spark provided EPA's
welcoming talk to more than 100 members of NEA at the all-day pre-Symposium
training on December 6, in
IAQ Tools for
Schools (IAQ TfS) National Symposium. Registration opens June 8, for
this year's symposium, December 6-8, to take place in
EPA National
Asthma Forum, May 31-June 1,
CTA Healthy Air Healthy Kids IAQ project. A major new player was added in October when The California Endowment awarded a grant to the California Teachers Association "Teachers for Healthy Kids" program to fund their new "Healthy Air, Healthy Kids" project. In this statewide initiative, CTA will raise awareness of its members about school IAQ, and steps that they can take to avoid asthma triggers and encourage adoption of constructive IAQ policies and practices. IAQ Tools for Schools is included where Community Action to Fight Asthma (CAFA) coalitions are working on this objective. Along with RAMP/CAFA staff, we have been participating in the workgroup which is providing technical advice, as well as planning and helping to implement this project. Coordinators for CTA are consultants Janis Nielsen and Hellan Dowden.
EPA HealthySEAT. HealthySEAT Version 2 Beta is now available for testing and comment until June 20,.
EPA sponsored
national asthma network. The Communities in Action for Asthma-Friendly
Environments Network website,
has undergone substantial revision and upgrading. Seventeen
Memorandum of Understanding to Reduce Health Risks from Secondhand smoke. The U.S. EPA and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to improve the quality of life for Head Start and Early Head Start families nationwide. The MOU establishes a framework between EPA's Indoor Environments Division (IED) and the HHS' Office of Head Start (OHS). The agencies intend to work together to conduct nationwide outreach to nearly a million families in an effort to deliver health risk reduction messages related to secondhand smoke and other environmental asthma triggers. Activities of the MOU can be read at:
Region 9 Grants. The Request for Proposals, Funding Opportunity Indoor Environments: Reducing Public Exposure to Indoor Pollutants, deadline for applications was June 8,.
Region 9 IAQ Web Page. We have added an IAQ page to the
Region 9 web site. A current highlight is a story about IAQ Tools for Schools at
-- Philip P. Jalbert ( )
Minutes for the October 17, meeting of the CIAQ featured two presentations: (a) Photo Catalytic Oxidation (PCO), and (b) Moisture Impacts of Active Subslab Depressurization (ASD) Radon Mitigation. The next meeting of the CIAQ is Wednesday, February 13, at 1:00pm EST. More information, upcoming agendas and past presentations can be found the above website.
Upcoming meetings of the CIWG-IAQ are scheduled as follows:
March 12, 2008
June 11, 2008
September 10, 2008
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